(a)  Everyone is loyal to some one           (b)  Everyone is loyal to all

(c)  Everyone is not loyal to someone       (d)  Everyone is loyal

(e)  Everyone is not loyal.

Answer : (a)

Reason : ۷x denotes Everyone or all, and €y someone and loyal to is the proposition logic making map x to y.

(a)  and                   (b)  iff                      (c)  or                      (d)  not                    (e)  either a or b.

Answer : (d)

Reason : “not” is coming under propositional logic and is therefore not a connective.

(a)  Atomic sentences                                                           (b)  Complex sentences

(c)  Quantified sentence                          (d)  Quality Sentence

(e)  Simple sentence.

Answer : (d)

Reason : Quantity structure is not a FOL structure while all other are.

(a)  Inference                                          (b)  Search                                             (c)  Planning

(d)  Conclusion                                       (e)  Dynamic search.

Answer : (d)

Reason : Conclusion is a statement to Goal-based agent, but is not considered as Goal-based agent.

(a)  Problem solving                                (b)  Planning

(c)  Non-hierarchical plan                         (d)  Hierarchical plan (e)  Inheritance.

Answer : (d)

Reason : A plan that describes how to take actions in levels of increasing refinement and specificity is Hierarchical (e.g., “Do something” becomes the more specific “Go to work,” “Do work,” “Go home.”) Most plans are hierarchical in nature.

(a)  Least commitment approach              (b)  Most commitment approach

(c)  Nonlinear planning                            (d)  Opportunistic planning

(e)  Problem based planning.

Answer : (a)

Reason : Because we are not sure about the outcome.

(a)   Searching over the space of possible plans

(b)   Searching over possible situations

(c)   Searching the whole problem at once

(d)   Searching the best

(e)   Searching the goal.

Answer : (a)

Reason : Partial order planning involves searching over the space of possible plans, rather than searching over possible situations. The idea is to construct a plan piece-by-piece. There are two kinds of steps we can take in constructing a plan: add an operator (action), or add an ordering constraint between operators. The name “partial order planning” comes from the fact that until we add the ordering constraints, we don’t specify the order in which actions are taken. This (sometimes) allows a partial order planning to avoid lots of backtracking that would slow down a state-space planner.

(a)   Decision Theory = Probability theory + utility theory

(b)   Decision Theory = Inference theory + utility theory

(c)   Decision Theory = Uncertainty + utility theory

(d)   Decision Theory = Probability theory + preference

(e)   Decision Theory = Probability theory + inference.

Answer : (a)

Reason : Utility theory to represent and reason with preference. Preference is expressed by utilities. Utilities are combined with probabilities in the general theory of rational decisions called decision theory. Decision theory, which combines probability theory with utility theory, provides a formal and complete frame work for decisions (economic or otherwise) made under uncertainty-that is, in case where probabilistic descriptions appropriately capture the decision-maker’s environment.

(a)  Full & Global information                   (b)  Partial & Global Information

(c)  Partial & local Information                  (d)  Full & local information

(e)  Global information only.

Answer : (c)

Reason : The Wumpus world is a grid of squares surrounded by walls, where each square can contain agents and objects. The agent (you) always starts in the lower left corner, a square that will be labeled [1, 1]. The agent’s task is to find the gold, return to [1, 1] and climb out of the cave. So uncertainty is there as the agent gives partial and local information only. Global variable are not goal specific problem solving.

(a)   Both discrete and continuous variables

(b)   Only Discrete variables

(c)   Only Discontinuous variable

(d)   Both Discrete and Discontinuous variable

(e)   Continous variable only.

Answer : (a)

Reason : To specify a Hybrid network, we have to specify two new kinds of distributions: the conditional distribution for continuous variables given discrete or continuous parents, and the conditional distribution for a discrete variable given continuous parents.